refactor: replace createTables() with Drizzle migrate()

Delete ~270 lines of hand-written CREATE TABLE SQL.
Schema is now managed entirely by drizzle-kit migrations.
initDatabase() flow: baseline check -> migrate() -> ensureDefaults().

packages/server/src/db/index.ts

@@ -1,11 +1,15 @@
 import Database from 'better-sqlite3';
 import { drizzle } from 'drizzle-orm/better-sqlite3';
+import { migrate } from 'drizzle-orm/better-sqlite3/migrator';
 import { config } from '../config.js';
 import * as schema from './schema.js';
-import { runMigrations } from './migrate.js';
+import { baselineExistingInstall, ensureDefaults } from './migrate.js';
 import { setWorkerId } from '../utils/snowflake.js';
 import { mkdirSync } from 'fs';
-import { dirname } from 'path';
+import { dirname, resolve } from 'path';
+import { fileURLToPath } from 'url';
+
+const __dirname = dirname(fileURLToPath(import.meta.url));
 
 let sqlite: Database.Database;
 
@@ -14,279 +18,26 @@ function ensureDirectory(filePath: string): void {
   mkdirSync(dir, { recursive: true });
 }
 
-function createTables(db: Database.Database): void {
-  db.exec(`
-    CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS users (
-      id TEXT PRIMARY KEY,
-      username TEXT UNIQUE NOT NULL,
-      display_name TEXT,
-      password_hash TEXT NOT NULL,
-      avatar TEXT,
-      status TEXT DEFAULT 'offline',
-      custom_status TEXT,
-      is_admin INTEGER DEFAULT 0,
-      home_instance TEXT,
-      home_user_id TEXT,
-      replicated_instances TEXT DEFAULT '[]',
-      banner TEXT,
-      accent_color TEXT,
-      avatar_color TEXT,
-      bio TEXT,
-      is_deleted INTEGER DEFAULT 0,
-      discoverable INTEGER DEFAULT 1,
-      profile_updated_at INTEGER,
-      password_changed_at INTEGER,
-      created_at INTEGER NOT NULL
-    );
-
-    CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS spaces (
-      id TEXT PRIMARY KEY,
-      name TEXT NOT NULL,
-      icon TEXT,
-      banner TEXT,
-      avatar_color TEXT,
-      owner_id TEXT NOT NULL REFERENCES users(id),
-      invite_code TEXT UNIQUE,
-      visibility TEXT DEFAULT 'private',
-      description TEXT,
-      created_at INTEGER NOT NULL
-    );
-
-    CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS space_members (
-      space_id TEXT NOT NULL REFERENCES spaces(id) ON DELETE CASCADE,
-      user_id TEXT NOT NULL REFERENCES users(id) ON DELETE CASCADE,
-      nickname TEXT,
-      joined_at INTEGER NOT NULL,
-      PRIMARY KEY (space_id, user_id)
-    );
-
-    CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS channel_categories (
-      id TEXT PRIMARY KEY,
-      space_id TEXT NOT NULL REFERENCES spaces(id) ON DELETE CASCADE,
-      name TEXT NOT NULL,
-      position INTEGER DEFAULT 0,
-      created_at INTEGER NOT NULL
-    );
-
-    CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS channels (
-      id TEXT PRIMARY KEY,
-      space_id TEXT NOT NULL REFERENCES spaces(id) ON DELETE CASCADE,
-      name TEXT NOT NULL,
-      type TEXT NOT NULL,
-      topic TEXT,
-      position INTEGER DEFAULT 0,
-      category_id TEXT,
-      created_at INTEGER NOT NULL
-    );
-
-    CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS messages (
-      id TEXT PRIMARY KEY,
-      channel_id TEXT NOT NULL REFERENCES channels(id) ON DELETE CASCADE,
-      user_id TEXT NOT NULL REFERENCES users(id),
-      reply_to_id TEXT REFERENCES messages(id) ON DELETE SET NULL,
-      content TEXT,
-      edited_at INTEGER,
-      created_at INTEGER NOT NULL
-    );
-
-    CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS dm_channels (
-      id TEXT PRIMARY KEY,
-      owner_id TEXT,
-      federated_id TEXT,
-      owner_home_user_id TEXT,
-      owner_home_instance TEXT,
-      deleted_at INTEGER,
-      created_at INTEGER NOT NULL
-    );
-    -- Note: idx_dm_federated index is created after this block (may fail on pre-migration tables, handled gracefully)
-
-    CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS dm_members (
-      dm_channel_id TEXT NOT NULL REFERENCES dm_channels(id) ON DELETE CASCADE,
-      user_id TEXT NOT NULL REFERENCES users(id) ON DELETE CASCADE,
-      closed INTEGER DEFAULT 0,
-      PRIMARY KEY (dm_channel_id, user_id)
-    );
-
-    CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS dm_messages (
-      id TEXT PRIMARY KEY,
-      dm_channel_id TEXT NOT NULL REFERENCES dm_channels(id) ON DELETE CASCADE,
-      user_id TEXT NOT NULL REFERENCES users(id),
-      reply_to_id TEXT REFERENCES dm_messages(id) ON DELETE SET NULL,
-      content TEXT,
-      edited_at INTEGER,
-      created_at INTEGER NOT NULL
-    );
-
-    CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS attachments (
-      id TEXT PRIMARY KEY,
-      message_id TEXT REFERENCES messages(id) ON DELETE CASCADE,
-      dm_message_id TEXT REFERENCES dm_messages(id) ON DELETE CASCADE,
-      uploader_id TEXT,
-      filename TEXT NOT NULL,
-      original_name TEXT NOT NULL,
-      mimetype TEXT NOT NULL,
-      size INTEGER NOT NULL,
-      thumbnail_filename TEXT,
-      width INTEGER,
-      height INTEGER,
-      duration REAL,
-      created_at INTEGER NOT NULL
-    );
-
-    CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS friends (
-      user_id TEXT NOT NULL REFERENCES users(id) ON DELETE CASCADE,
-      friend_id TEXT NOT NULL REFERENCES users(id) ON DELETE CASCADE,
-      created_at INTEGER NOT NULL,
-      PRIMARY KEY (user_id, friend_id)
-    );
-
-    CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS friend_requests (
-      id TEXT PRIMARY KEY,
-      from_id TEXT NOT NULL REFERENCES users(id) ON DELETE CASCADE,
-      to_id TEXT NOT NULL REFERENCES users(id) ON DELETE CASCADE,
-      status TEXT DEFAULT 'pending',
-      created_at INTEGER NOT NULL
-    );
-
-    CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS reactions (
-      id TEXT PRIMARY KEY,
-      message_id TEXT NOT NULL REFERENCES messages(id) ON DELETE CASCADE,
-      user_id TEXT NOT NULL REFERENCES users(id) ON DELETE CASCADE,
-      emoji TEXT NOT NULL,
-      created_at INTEGER NOT NULL,
-      UNIQUE(message_id, user_id, emoji)
-    );
-
-    CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS dm_reactions (
-      id TEXT PRIMARY KEY,
-      dm_message_id TEXT NOT NULL REFERENCES dm_messages(id) ON DELETE CASCADE,
-      user_id TEXT NOT NULL REFERENCES users(id) ON DELETE CASCADE,
-      emoji TEXT NOT NULL,
-      created_at INTEGER NOT NULL,
-      UNIQUE(dm_message_id, user_id, emoji)
-    );
-
-    CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS roles (
-      id TEXT PRIMARY KEY,
-      space_id TEXT NOT NULL REFERENCES spaces(id) ON DELETE CASCADE,
-      name TEXT NOT NULL,
-      color TEXT DEFAULT '#b9bbbe',
-      position INTEGER DEFAULT 0,
-      permissions TEXT,
-      created_at INTEGER NOT NULL
-    );
-
-    CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS member_roles (
-      space_id TEXT NOT NULL REFERENCES spaces(id) ON DELETE CASCADE,
-      user_id TEXT NOT NULL REFERENCES users(id) ON DELETE CASCADE,
-      role_id TEXT NOT NULL REFERENCES roles(id) ON DELETE CASCADE,
-      PRIMARY KEY (space_id, user_id, role_id)
-    );
-
-    CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS channel_overrides (
-      channel_id TEXT NOT NULL REFERENCES channels(id) ON DELETE CASCADE,
-      target_type TEXT NOT NULL,
-      target_id TEXT NOT NULL,
-      allow TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',
-      deny TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',
-      PRIMARY KEY (channel_id, target_type, target_id)
-    );
-
-    CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS read_states (
-      user_id TEXT NOT NULL REFERENCES users(id) ON DELETE CASCADE,
-      channel_id TEXT NOT NULL,
-      last_read_message_id TEXT NOT NULL,
-      updated_at INTEGER NOT NULL,
-      PRIMARY KEY (user_id, channel_id)
-    );
-
-    CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS space_folders (
-      id TEXT PRIMARY KEY,
-      user_id TEXT NOT NULL REFERENCES users(id) ON DELETE CASCADE,
-      name TEXT,
-      color TEXT,
-      position INTEGER DEFAULT 0,
-      created_at INTEGER NOT NULL
-    );
-
-    CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS space_folder_members (
-      folder_id TEXT NOT NULL REFERENCES space_folders(id) ON DELETE CASCADE,
-      space_id TEXT NOT NULL,
-      position INTEGER DEFAULT 0,
-      PRIMARY KEY (folder_id, space_id)
-    );
-
-    CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS user_space_layout (
-      user_id TEXT PRIMARY KEY REFERENCES users(id) ON DELETE CASCADE,
-      layout TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '[]',
-      updated_at INTEGER NOT NULL
-    );
-
-    CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS instance_settings (
-      id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY DEFAULT 1 CHECK (id = 1),
-      instance_name TEXT DEFAULT 'Backspace',
-      worker_id INTEGER,
-      discovery_enabled INTEGER NOT NULL DEFAULT 1,
-      max_bitrate_kbps INTEGER NOT NULL DEFAULT 20000,
-      min_bitrate_kbps INTEGER NOT NULL DEFAULT 500,
-      bitrate_step_kbps INTEGER NOT NULL DEFAULT 500,
-      allowed_resolutions TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '540,720,1080',
-      allowed_framerates TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '30,45,60',
-      max_resolution INTEGER NOT NULL DEFAULT 1080,
-      max_framerate INTEGER NOT NULL DEFAULT 60,
-      registration_open INTEGER,
-      max_upload_size_bytes INTEGER,
-      updated_at INTEGER NOT NULL DEFAULT 0
-    );
-
-    CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS bans (
-      space_id TEXT NOT NULL REFERENCES spaces(id) ON DELETE CASCADE,
-      user_id TEXT NOT NULL REFERENCES users(id) ON DELETE CASCADE,
-      reason TEXT,
-      banned_by TEXT REFERENCES users(id),
-      created_at INTEGER NOT NULL,
-      PRIMARY KEY (space_id, user_id)
-    );
-
-    CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS join_requests (
-      id TEXT PRIMARY KEY,
-      space_id TEXT NOT NULL REFERENCES spaces(id) ON DELETE CASCADE,
-      user_id TEXT NOT NULL REFERENCES users(id) ON DELETE CASCADE,
-      message TEXT,
-      status TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT 'pending',
-      decided_by TEXT REFERENCES users(id),
-      created_at INTEGER NOT NULL,
-      decided_at INTEGER
-    );
-
-    CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS voice_restrictions (
-      space_id TEXT NOT NULL REFERENCES spaces(id) ON DELETE CASCADE,
-      user_id TEXT NOT NULL REFERENCES users(id) ON DELETE CASCADE,
-      restriction_type TEXT NOT NULL,
-      moderator_id TEXT REFERENCES users(id),
-      created_at INTEGER NOT NULL,
-      PRIMARY KEY (space_id, user_id, restriction_type)
-    );
-  `);
-
-  // Index on federated_id — may fail on existing installs where the column hasn't been
-  // renamed yet (migration handles it). Safe to skip; migration creates the index.
-  try {
-    db.exec(`CREATE UNIQUE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS idx_dm_federated ON dm_channels(federated_id) WHERE federated_id IS NOT NULL`);
-  } catch {
-    // Column doesn't exist yet — migration will create the index
-  }
-}
-
 export function initDatabase() {
   ensureDirectory(config.dbPath);
   sqlite = new Database(config.dbPath);
   sqlite.pragma('journal_mode = WAL');
   sqlite.pragma('foreign_keys = ON');
-  createTables(sqlite);
-  runMigrations(sqlite);
 
-  // Initialize Snowflake worker ID from persisted value (set by migration)
+  // Baseline existing installs before Drizzle migrate() runs —
+  // marks the initial migration as applied so it doesn't try to
+  // CREATE TABLE on a database that already has tables.
+  baselineExistingInstall(sqlite);
+
+  // Apply any pending Drizzle migrations
+  const migrationsFolder = resolve(__dirname, '../../drizzle');
+  const db = drizzle(sqlite, { schema });
+  migrate(db, { migrationsFolder });
+
+  // Ensure data invariants (settings row, worker ID, first admin)
+  ensureDefaults(sqlite);
+
+  // Initialize Snowflake worker ID from persisted value
   const settings = sqlite.prepare('SELECT worker_id FROM instance_settings WHERE id = 1').get() as { worker_id: number } | undefined;
   if (settings?.worker_id !== undefined && settings.worker_id !== null) {
     setWorkerId(settings.worker_id);
@@ -296,7 +47,7 @@ export function initDatabase() {
   }
 
   console.log(`Database initialized at ${config.dbPath}`);
-  return drizzle(sqlite, { schema });
+  return db;
 }
 
 export type DB = ReturnType<typeof initDatabase>;