diff --git a/packages/web/src/components/layout/AppLayout.js b/packages/web/src/components/layout/AppLayout.js
index bd9be8c8..4425b006 100644
--- a/packages/web/src/components/layout/AppLayout.js
+++ b/packages/web/src/components/layout/AppLayout.js
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ import { NewDmModal } from '../modals/NewDmModal';
 import { IncomingCallModal } from '../voice/IncomingCallModal';
 import { PictureInPicture } from '../voice/PictureInPicture';
 import { SoundController } from '../voice/SoundController';
+import { GlobalAudioRenderer } from '../voice/GlobalAudioRenderer';
 import { UserProfilePopout } from '../ui/UserProfilePopout';
 import { useAuth } from '../../hooks/useAuth';
 import { useWebSocket } from '../../hooks/useWebSocket';
@@ -166,5 +167,5 @@ export function AppLayout() {
     if (isLoading || !user) {
         return (_jsx("div", { className: "h-screen flex items-center justify-center bg-discord-bg-primary", children: _jsxs("div", { className: "text-center", children: [_jsxs("svg", { className: "animate-spin w-10 h-10 text-discord-blurple mx-auto mb-4", viewBox: "0 0 24 24", fill: "none", children: [_jsx("circle", { className: "opacity-25", cx: "12", cy: "12", r: "10", stroke: "currentColor", strokeWidth: "4" }), _jsx("path", { className: "opacity-75", fill: "currentColor", d: "M4 12a8 8 0 018-8V0C5.373 0 0 5.373 0 12h4z" })] }), _jsx("p", { className: "text-discord-text-muted", children: "Loading Opencord..." })] }) }));
     }
-    return (_jsxs("div", { className: "h-screen flex bg-discord-bg-tertiary overflow-hidden", children: [_jsxs("div", { className: `${isMobile ? `fixed z-40 h-full transition-transform ${sidebarOpen ? 'translate-x-0' : '-translate-x-full'}` : 'flex h-full'}`, children: [_jsx(ServerSidebar, {}), _jsx(ChannelSidebar, {})] }), _jsxs("div", { className: "flex-1 flex min-w-0 bg-discord-bg-primary relative", children: [_jsx(MainContent, {}), serverId === '@me' ? (_jsx("div", { className: "w-[358px] bg-discord-bg-secondary flex-shrink-0 hidden xl:flex flex-col", children: _jsxs("div", { className: "p-4", children: [_jsx("h3", { className: "text-[20px] font-bold text-discord-text-header mb-4", children: "Active Now" }), _jsxs("div", { className: "text-center py-8", children: [_jsx("div", { className: "text-[16px] font-bold text-discord-text-header mb-1 text-center", children: "It's quiet for now..." }), _jsx("div", { className: "text-[14px] text-discord-text-muted text-center max-w-[200px] mx-auto", children: "When a friend starts an activity\u2014like playing a game or hanging out on voice\u2014we\u2019ll show it here!" })] })] }) })) : (_jsx(MemberSidebar, {}))] }), _jsx(CreateServerModal, {}), _jsx(JoinServerModal, {}), _jsx(CreateChannelModal, {}), _jsx(InviteModal, {}), _jsx(UserSettingsModal, {}), _jsx(ServerSettingsModal, {}), _jsx(NewDmModal, {}), _jsx(IncomingCallModal, {}), _jsx(ImagePreview, {}), _jsx(PictureInPicture, {}), _jsx(SoundController, {}), userProfilePopout.user && userProfilePopout.position && (_jsxs(_Fragment, { children: [_jsx("div", { className: "fixed inset-0 z-[45]", onClick: closeUserProfile }), _jsx(UserProfilePopout, { user: userProfilePopout.user, onClose: closeUserProfile, position: userProfilePopout.position })] }))] }));
+    return (_jsxs("div", { className: "h-screen flex bg-discord-bg-tertiary overflow-hidden", children: [_jsxs("div", { className: `${isMobile ? `fixed z-40 h-full transition-transform ${sidebarOpen ? 'translate-x-0' : '-translate-x-full'}` : 'flex h-full'}`, children: [_jsx(ServerSidebar, {}), _jsx(ChannelSidebar, {})] }), _jsxs("div", { className: "flex-1 flex min-w-0 bg-discord-bg-primary relative", children: [_jsx(MainContent, {}), serverId === '@me' ? (_jsx("div", { className: "w-[358px] bg-discord-bg-secondary flex-shrink-0 hidden xl:flex flex-col", children: _jsxs("div", { className: "p-4", children: [_jsx("h3", { className: "text-[20px] font-bold text-discord-text-header mb-4", children: "Active Now" }), _jsxs("div", { className: "text-center py-8", children: [_jsx("div", { className: "text-[16px] font-bold text-discord-text-header mb-1 text-center", children: "It's quiet for now..." }), _jsx("div", { className: "text-[14px] text-discord-text-muted text-center max-w-[200px] mx-auto", children: "When a friend starts an activity\u2014like playing a game or hanging out on voice\u2014we\u2019ll show it here!" })] })] }) })) : (_jsx(MemberSidebar, {}))] }), _jsx(CreateServerModal, {}), _jsx(JoinServerModal, {}), _jsx(CreateChannelModal, {}), _jsx(InviteModal, {}), _jsx(UserSettingsModal, {}), _jsx(ServerSettingsModal, {}), _jsx(NewDmModal, {}), _jsx(IncomingCallModal, {}), _jsx(ImagePreview, {}), _jsx(PictureInPicture, {}), _jsx(SoundController, {}), _jsx(GlobalAudioRenderer, {}), userProfilePopout.user && userProfilePopout.position && (_jsxs(_Fragment, { children: [_jsx("div", { className: "fixed inset-0 z-[45]", onClick: closeUserProfile }), _jsx(UserProfilePopout, { user: userProfilePopout.user, onClose: closeUserProfile, position: userProfilePopout.position })] }))] }));
 }
diff --git a/packages/web/src/components/layout/AppLayout.tsx b/packages/web/src/components/layout/AppLayout.tsx
index 4f34bf8d..c1fd6f21 100644
--- a/packages/web/src/components/layout/AppLayout.tsx
+++ b/packages/web/src/components/layout/AppLayout.tsx
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ import { NewDmModal } from '../modals/NewDmModal';
 import { IncomingCallModal } from '../voice/IncomingCallModal';
 import { PictureInPicture } from '../voice/PictureInPicture';
 import { SoundController } from '../voice/SoundController';
+import { GlobalAudioRenderer } from '../voice/GlobalAudioRenderer';
 import { UserProfilePopout } from '../ui/UserProfilePopout';
 import { useAuth } from '../../hooks/useAuth';
 import { useWebSocket } from '../../hooks/useWebSocket';
@@ -240,6 +241,7 @@ export function AppLayout() {
       <ImagePreview />
       <PictureInPicture />
       <SoundController />
+      <GlobalAudioRenderer />
 
       {/* User Profile Popout */}
       {userProfilePopout.user && userProfilePopout.position && (
diff --git a/packages/web/src/components/voice/GlobalAudioRenderer.js b/packages/web/src/components/voice/GlobalAudioRenderer.js
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..0e1209d0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/web/src/components/voice/GlobalAudioRenderer.js
@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+import { jsx as _jsx, jsxs as _jsxs, Fragment as _Fragment } from "react/jsx-runtime";
+import React from 'react';
+import { useVoiceStore } from '../../stores/voiceStore';
+import { useAudioTrackPlayer } from '../../hooks/useAudioTrackPlayer';
+/**
+ * Renders an invisible <audio> element for a single audio track.
+ * Uses the shared useAudioTrackPlayer hook for the hybrid native/Web Audio pipeline.
+ */
+function AudioTrackElement({ track, globalVolume, perSourceVolume, isDeafened, isMuted, attenuate, someoneIsSpeaking, attenuationEnabled, attenuationStrength, }) {
+    const globalScale = globalVolume / 100;
+    const sourceScale = perSourceVolume / 100;
+    let finalVolume = globalScale * sourceScale;
+    // Stream attenuation: duck when someone is speaking
+    if (attenuate && attenuationEnabled && someoneIsSpeaking) {
+        finalVolume *= 1 - attenuationStrength / 100;
+    }
+    const shouldMute = isDeafened || isMuted;
+    const audioRef = useAudioTrackPlayer({
+        track,
+        volume: finalVolume,
+        muted: shouldMute,
+    });
+    return _jsx("audio", { ref: audioRef, autoPlay: true, playsInline: true });
+}
+/**
+ * Always-mounted component that renders invisible <audio> elements
+ * for every remote participant's mic and screen audio tracks.
+ *
+ * Rendered in AppLayout alongside PictureInPicture and SoundController.
+ * Never unmounts during navigation, so audio persists even when
+ * VoiceGrid / VoiceUser / StreamTile are not rendered.
+ */
+export function GlobalAudioRenderer() {
+    const participants = useVoiceStore((s) => s.participants);
+    const isDeafened = useVoiceStore((s) => s.isDeafened);
+    const outputVolume = useVoiceStore((s) => s.outputVolume);
+    const participantVolumes = useVoiceStore((s) => s.participantVolumes);
+    const streamVolumes = useVoiceStore((s) => s.streamVolumes);
+    const streamMutes = useVoiceStore((s) => s.streamMutes);
+    const streamAttenuationEnabled = useVoiceStore((s) => s.streamAttenuationEnabled);
+    const streamAttenuationStrength = useVoiceStore((s) => s.streamAttenuationStrength);
+    // Determine if someone is currently speaking (for stream attenuation)
+    const someoneIsSpeaking = participants.some((p) => !p.isLocal && p.isSpeaking);
+    // Only render audio for remote participants
+    const remoteParticipants = participants.filter((p) => !p.isLocal);
+    return (_jsx(_Fragment, { children: remoteParticipants.map((p) => {
+            const micVolume = participantVolumes.get(p.userId) ?? 100;
+            const streamVol = streamVolumes.get(p.userId) ?? 100;
+            const isStreamMuted = streamMutes.get(p.userId) ?? false;
+            return (_jsxs(React.Fragment, { children: [p.audioTrack && (_jsx(AudioTrackElement, { track: p.audioTrack, globalVolume: outputVolume, perSourceVolume: micVolume, isDeafened: isDeafened, isMuted: false, attenuate: false, someoneIsSpeaking: false, attenuationEnabled: false, attenuationStrength: 0 })), p.screenAudioTrack && (_jsx(AudioTrackElement, { track: p.screenAudioTrack, globalVolume: outputVolume, perSourceVolume: streamVol, isDeafened: isDeafened, isMuted: isStreamMuted, attenuate: true, someoneIsSpeaking: someoneIsSpeaking, attenuationEnabled: streamAttenuationEnabled, attenuationStrength: streamAttenuationStrength }))] }, p.identity));
+        }) }));
+}
diff --git a/packages/web/src/components/voice/GlobalAudioRenderer.tsx b/packages/web/src/components/voice/GlobalAudioRenderer.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..6fe37cde
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/web/src/components/voice/GlobalAudioRenderer.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,118 @@
+import React from 'react';
+import { useVoiceStore } from '../../stores/voiceStore';
+import { useAudioTrackPlayer } from '../../hooks/useAudioTrackPlayer';
+import type { ParticipantInfo } from '../../hooks/useLiveKit';
+
+/**
+ * Renders an invisible <audio> element for a single audio track.
+ * Uses the shared useAudioTrackPlayer hook for the hybrid native/Web Audio pipeline.
+ */
+function AudioTrackElement({
+  track,
+  globalVolume,
+  perSourceVolume,
+  isDeafened,
+  isMuted,
+  attenuate,
+  someoneIsSpeaking,
+  attenuationEnabled,
+  attenuationStrength,
+}: {
+  track: MediaStreamTrack | null;
+  globalVolume: number;
+  perSourceVolume: number;
+  isDeafened: boolean;
+  isMuted: boolean;
+  attenuate: boolean;
+  someoneIsSpeaking: boolean;
+  attenuationEnabled: boolean;
+  attenuationStrength: number;
+}) {
+  const globalScale = globalVolume / 100;
+  const sourceScale = perSourceVolume / 100;
+  let finalVolume = globalScale * sourceScale;
+
+  // Stream attenuation: duck when someone is speaking
+  if (attenuate && attenuationEnabled && someoneIsSpeaking) {
+    finalVolume *= 1 - attenuationStrength / 100;
+  }
+
+  const shouldMute = isDeafened || isMuted;
+
+  const audioRef = useAudioTrackPlayer({
+    track,
+    volume: finalVolume,
+    muted: shouldMute,
+  });
+
+  return <audio ref={audioRef} autoPlay playsInline />;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Always-mounted component that renders invisible <audio> elements
+ * for every remote participant's mic and screen audio tracks.
+ *
+ * Rendered in AppLayout alongside PictureInPicture and SoundController.
+ * Never unmounts during navigation, so audio persists even when
+ * VoiceGrid / VoiceUser / StreamTile are not rendered.
+ */
+export function GlobalAudioRenderer() {
+  const participants = useVoiceStore((s) => s.participants);
+  const isDeafened = useVoiceStore((s) => s.isDeafened);
+  const outputVolume = useVoiceStore((s) => s.outputVolume);
+  const participantVolumes = useVoiceStore((s) => s.participantVolumes);
+  const streamVolumes = useVoiceStore((s) => s.streamVolumes);
+  const streamMutes = useVoiceStore((s) => s.streamMutes);
+  const streamAttenuationEnabled = useVoiceStore((s) => s.streamAttenuationEnabled);
+  const streamAttenuationStrength = useVoiceStore((s) => s.streamAttenuationStrength);
+
+  // Determine if someone is currently speaking (for stream attenuation)
+  const someoneIsSpeaking = participants.some((p) => !p.isLocal && p.isSpeaking);
+
+  // Only render audio for remote participants
+  const remoteParticipants = participants.filter((p) => !p.isLocal);
+
+  return (
+    <>
+      {remoteParticipants.map((p: ParticipantInfo) => {
+        const micVolume = participantVolumes.get(p.userId) ?? 100;
+        const streamVol = streamVolumes.get(p.userId) ?? 100;
+        const isStreamMuted = streamMutes.get(p.userId) ?? false;
+
+        return (
+          <React.Fragment key={p.identity}>
+            {/* Mic audio */}
+            {p.audioTrack && (
+              <AudioTrackElement
+                track={p.audioTrack}
+                globalVolume={outputVolume}
+                perSourceVolume={micVolume}
+                isDeafened={isDeafened}
+                isMuted={false}
+                attenuate={false}
+                someoneIsSpeaking={false}
+                attenuationEnabled={false}
+                attenuationStrength={0}
+              />
+            )}
+
+            {/* Screen share audio */}
+            {p.screenAudioTrack && (
+              <AudioTrackElement
+                track={p.screenAudioTrack}
+                globalVolume={outputVolume}
+                perSourceVolume={streamVol}
+                isDeafened={isDeafened}
+                isMuted={isStreamMuted}
+                attenuate={true}
+                someoneIsSpeaking={someoneIsSpeaking}
+                attenuationEnabled={streamAttenuationEnabled}
+                attenuationStrength={streamAttenuationStrength}
+              />
+            )}
+          </React.Fragment>
+        );
+      })}
+    </>
+  );
+}
diff --git a/packages/web/src/components/voice/StreamTile.js b/packages/web/src/components/voice/StreamTile.js
index 0b4ac938..69f73561 100644
--- a/packages/web/src/components/voice/StreamTile.js
+++ b/packages/web/src/components/voice/StreamTile.js
@@ -2,20 +2,15 @@ import { jsx as _jsx, jsxs as _jsxs, Fragment as _Fragment } from "react/jsx-run
 import { useRef, useEffect, useState, useCallback } from 'react';
 import { Avatar } from '../ui/Avatar';
 import { useVoiceStore } from '../../stores/voiceStore';
-import { AudioManager } from '../../audio/AudioManager';
 import { getActiveRoom, setStreamSubscription } from '../../hooks/useLiveKit';
 import { VideoQualityPopover } from './VideoQualityPopover';
 export function StreamTile({ tile, large }) {
     const videoRef = useRef(null);
-    const screenAudioRef = useRef(null);
-    const isDeafened = useVoiceStore((s) => s.isDeafened);
-    const outputVolume = useVoiceStore((s) => s.outputVolume);
     const streamVolumes = useVoiceStore((s) => s.streamVolumes);
     const streamMutes = useVoiceStore((s) => s.streamMutes);
     const watchingStreams = useVoiceStore((s) => s.watchingStreams);
     const streamAttenuationEnabled = useVoiceStore((s) => s.streamAttenuationEnabled);
     const streamAttenuationStrength = useVoiceStore((s) => s.streamAttenuationStrength);
-    const participants = useVoiceStore((s) => s.participants);
     const { participant } = tile;
     const isLocal = participant.isLocal;
     const userId = participant.userId;
@@ -28,90 +23,6 @@ export function StreamTile({ tile, large }) {
     // Context menu state
     const [contextMenu, setContextMenu] = useState(null);
     const [qualityPopoverOpen, setQualityPopoverOpen] = useState(false);
-    // --- AUDIO PIPELINE ---
-    const screenBoostGainRef = useRef(null);
-    const screenBoostSourceRef = useRef(null);
-    // Track attachment
-    useEffect(() => {
-        const audioEl = screenAudioRef.current;
-        if (isLocal || !audioEl || !tile.screenAudioTrack) {
-            if (audioEl)
-                audioEl.srcObject = null;
-            return;
-        }
-        const stream = new MediaStream([tile.screenAudioTrack]);
-        if (audioEl.srcObject?.id !== stream.id) {
-            audioEl.srcObject = stream;
-            audioEl.play().catch(() => { });
-        }
-    }, [tile.screenAudioTrack, isLocal]);
-    // Volume management with stream attenuation
-    useEffect(() => {
-        const audioEl = screenAudioRef.current;
-        if (isLocal || !audioEl || !tile.screenAudioTrack)
-            return;
-        const globalScale = outputVolume / 100;
-        const userScale = streamVolume / 100;
-        let finalVolume = globalScale * userScale;
-        if (isDeafened || isStreamMuted) {
-            audioEl.muted = true;
-            return;
-        }
-        // Stream attenuation: duck when someone is speaking
-        if (streamAttenuationEnabled) {
-            const someoneIsSpeaking = participants.some((p) => !p.isLocal && p.isSpeaking);
-            if (someoneIsSpeaking) {
-                finalVolume *= 1 - streamAttenuationStrength / 100;
-            }
-        }
-        const audioManager = AudioManager.getInstance();
-        const ctx = audioManager.getContext();
-        const isBoosting = finalVolume > 1.0;
-        const isContextReady = ctx && ctx.state === 'running';
-        if (isBoosting && isContextReady) {
-            if (!screenBoostGainRef.current && ctx) {
-                const gain = ctx.createGain();
-                const source = ctx.createMediaStreamSource(new MediaStream([tile.screenAudioTrack]));
-                source.connect(gain);
-                gain.connect(ctx.destination);
-                screenBoostGainRef.current = gain;
-                screenBoostSourceRef.current = source;
-            }
-            if (screenBoostGainRef.current && ctx) {
-                screenBoostGainRef.current.gain.setTargetAtTime(finalVolume, ctx.currentTime, 0.01);
-            }
-            audioEl.muted = true;
-        }
-        else {
-            if (screenBoostSourceRef.current) {
-                screenBoostSourceRef.current.disconnect();
-                screenBoostSourceRef.current = null;
-                screenBoostGainRef.current = null;
-            }
-            audioEl.muted = false;
-            audioEl.volume = Math.min(finalVolume, 1.0);
-            if (audioEl.paused) {
-                audioEl.play().catch(() => { });
-            }
-        }
-        return () => {
-            if (screenBoostSourceRef.current) {
-                screenBoostSourceRef.current.disconnect();
-                screenBoostSourceRef.current = null;
-                screenBoostGainRef.current = null;
-            }
-        };
-    }, [
-        outputVolume,
-        streamVolume,
-        isStreamMuted,
-        isDeafened,
-        isLocal,
-        tile.screenAudioTrack,
-        streamAttenuationEnabled,
-        streamAttenuationStrength,
-        participants,
-    ]);
     // --- VIDEO ---
     useEffect(() => {
         const videoEl = videoRef.current;
@@ -198,7 +109,7 @@ export function StreamTile({ tile, large }) {
     const setAttenuationEnabled = useVoiceStore((s) => s.setStreamAttenuationEnabled);
     const setAttenuationStrength = useVoiceStore((s) => s.setStreamAttenuationStrength);
     const hasVideo = liveScreenTrack !== null;
-    return (_jsxs("div", { className: `relative bg-[#111214] rounded-xl overflow-hidden flex items-center justify-center group transition-all duration-200 ring-1 ring-white/[0.06] hover:ring-white/10 ${large ? 'h-full w-full' : 'h-full aspect-video'}`, onContextMenu: handleContextMenu, children: [!isLocal && _jsx("audio", { ref: screenAudioRef, autoPlay: true, playsInline: true }), hasVideo && isWatching ? (_jsx("video", { ref: videoRef, autoPlay: true, playsInline: true, muted: isLocal, className: "w-full h-full object-contain bg-black" })) : (_jsxs("div", { className: "w-full h-full flex flex-col items-center justify-center gap-3 bg-[#1e1f22]", children: [_jsx("div", { className: "relative", children: _jsx(Avatar, { src: null, name: participant.username, size: large ? 80 : 48 }) }), _jsxs("div", { className: "text-center px-4", children: [_jsxs("p", { className: "text-discord-text-primary text-sm font-semibold", children: [participant.username, " is streaming"] }), !isLocal && (_jsx("button", { onClick: handleWatch, className: "mt-2 px-4 py-1.5 bg-discord-blurple hover:bg-discord-blurple/80 rounded text-white text-xs font-semibold transition-colors", children: "Watch Stream" }))] })] })), _jsx("div", { className: "absolute top-2 left-2 px-1.5 py-0.5 bg-discord-red rounded text-[11px] font-bold text-white uppercase tracking-wide", children: "LIVE" }), qualityBadge && hasVideo && (_jsx("div", { className: "absolute top-2 right-2 px-1.5 py-0.5 bg-black/60 rounded text-[10px] font-bold text-white/70 uppercase tracking-wide", children: qualityBadge })), _jsx("div", { className: "absolute bottom-0 left-0 right-0 px-3 py-2 bg-gradient-to-t from-black/70 via-black/30 to-transparent", children: _jsxs("div", { className: "flex items-center gap-1.5 min-w-0", children: [_jsx("svg", { width: "14", height: "14", viewBox: "0 0 24 24", fill: "currentColor", className: "text-white/70 flex-shrink-0", children: _jsx("path", { d: "M21 3H3c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v12c0 1.1.9 2 2 2h7v2H8v2h8v-2h-2v-2h7c1.1 0 2-.9 2-2V5c0-1.1-.9-2-2-2zm0 14H3V5h18v12z" }) }), _jsx("span", { className: `font-semibold text-white truncate ${large ? 'text-base' : 'text-[13px]'}`, children: participant.username }), isLocal && (_jsx("span", { className: "text-[10px] text-white/40 font-medium", children: "(you)" }))] }) }), contextMenu && (_jsx("div", { className: "fixed z-[60] bg-[#111214] rounded-lg shadow-2xl p-2 min-w-[220px] border border-white/[0.06]", style: { left: contextMenu.x, top: contextMenu.y }, onClick: (e) => e.stopPropagation(), children: isLocal ? (
+    return (_jsxs("div", { className: `relative bg-[#111214] rounded-xl overflow-hidden flex items-center justify-center group transition-all duration-200 ring-1 ring-white/[0.06] hover:ring-white/10 ${large ? 'h-full w-full' : 'h-full aspect-video'}`, onContextMenu: handleContextMenu, children: [hasVideo && isWatching ? (_jsx("video", { ref: videoRef, autoPlay: true, playsInline: true, muted: isLocal, className: "w-full h-full object-contain bg-black" })) : (_jsxs("div", { className: "w-full h-full flex flex-col items-center justify-center gap-3 bg-[#1e1f22]", children: [_jsx("div", { className: "relative", children: _jsx(Avatar, { src: null, name: participant.username, size: large ? 80 : 48 }) }), _jsxs("div", { className: "text-center px-4", children: [_jsxs("p", { className: "text-discord-text-primary text-sm font-semibold", children: [participant.username, " is streaming"] }), !isLocal && (_jsx("button", { onClick: handleWatch, className: "mt-2 px-4 py-1.5 bg-discord-blurple hover:bg-discord-blurple/80 rounded text-white text-xs font-semibold transition-colors", children: "Watch Stream" }))] })] })), _jsx("div", { className: "absolute top-2 left-2 px-1.5 py-0.5 bg-discord-red rounded text-[11px] font-bold text-white uppercase tracking-wide", children: "LIVE" }), qualityBadge && hasVideo && (_jsx("div", { className: "absolute top-2 right-2 px-1.5 py-0.5 bg-black/60 rounded text-[10px] font-bold text-white/70 uppercase tracking-wide", children: qualityBadge })), _jsx("div", { className: "absolute bottom-0 left-0 right-0 px-3 py-2 bg-gradient-to-t from-black/70 via-black/30 to-transparent", children: _jsxs("div", { className: "flex items-center gap-1.5 min-w-0", children: [_jsx("svg", { width: "14", height: "14", viewBox: "0 0 24 24", fill: "currentColor", className: "text-white/70 flex-shrink-0", children: _jsx("path", { d: "M21 3H3c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v12c0 1.1.9 2 2 2h7v2H8v2h8v-2h-2v-2h7c1.1 0 2-.9 2-2V5c0-1.1-.9-2-2-2zm0 14H3V5h18v12z" }) }), _jsx("span", { className: `font-semibold text-white truncate ${large ? 'text-base' : 'text-[13px]'}`, children: participant.username }), isLocal && (_jsx("span", { className: "text-[10px] text-white/40 font-medium", children: "(you)" }))] }) }), contextMenu && (_jsx("div", { className: "fixed z-[60] bg-[#111214] rounded-lg shadow-2xl p-2 min-w-[220px] border border-white/[0.06]", style: { left: contextMenu.x, top: contextMenu.y }, onClick: (e) => e.stopPropagation(), children: isLocal ? (
                 /* Streamer context menu (own stream) */
                 _jsxs(_Fragment, { children: [_jsxs("button", { onClick: () => {
                                 handleStopStreaming();
diff --git a/packages/web/src/components/voice/StreamTile.tsx b/packages/web/src/components/voice/StreamTile.tsx
index bee8e441..61c7ce62 100644
--- a/packages/web/src/components/voice/StreamTile.tsx
+++ b/packages/web/src/components/voice/StreamTile.tsx
@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 import React, { useRef, useEffect, useState, useCallback } from 'react';
 import { Avatar } from '../ui/Avatar';
 import { useVoiceStore } from '../../stores/voiceStore';
-import { AudioManager } from '../../audio/AudioManager';
 import { getActiveRoom, setStreamSubscription } from '../../hooks/useLiveKit';
 import { VideoQualityPopover } from './VideoQualityPopover';
 import type { StreamTile as StreamTileType } from '../../hooks/useLiveKit';
@@ -13,16 +12,12 @@ interface StreamTileProps {
 
 export function StreamTile({ tile, large }: StreamTileProps) {
   const videoRef = useRef<HTMLVideoElement>(null);
-  const screenAudioRef = useRef<HTMLAudioElement>(null);
 
-  const isDeafened = useVoiceStore((s) => s.isDeafened);
-  const outputVolume = useVoiceStore((s) => s.outputVolume);
   const streamVolumes = useVoiceStore((s) => s.streamVolumes);
   const streamMutes = useVoiceStore((s) => s.streamMutes);
   const watchingStreams = useVoiceStore((s) => s.watchingStreams);
   const streamAttenuationEnabled = useVoiceStore((s) => s.streamAttenuationEnabled);
   const streamAttenuationStrength = useVoiceStore((s) => s.streamAttenuationStrength);
-  const participants = useVoiceStore((s) => s.participants);
 
   const { participant } = tile;
   const isLocal = participant.isLocal;
@@ -41,105 +36,6 @@ export function StreamTile({ tile, large }: StreamTileProps) {
   const [contextMenu, setContextMenu] = useState<{ x: number; y: number } | null>(null);
   const [qualityPopoverOpen, setQualityPopoverOpen] = useState(false);
 
-  // --- AUDIO PIPELINE ---
-  const screenBoostGainRef = useRef<GainNode | null>(null);
-  const screenBoostSourceRef = useRef<MediaStreamAudioSourceNode | null>(null);
-
-  // Track attachment
-  useEffect(() => {
-    const audioEl = screenAudioRef.current;
-    if (isLocal || !audioEl || !tile.screenAudioTrack) {
-      if (audioEl) audioEl.srcObject = null;
-      return;
-    }
-
-    const stream = new MediaStream([tile.screenAudioTrack]);
-    if ((audioEl.srcObject as MediaStream)?.id !== stream.id) {
-      audioEl.srcObject = stream;
-      audioEl.play().catch(() => {});
-    }
-  }, [tile.screenAudioTrack, isLocal]);
-
-  // Volume management with stream attenuation
-  useEffect(() => {
-    const audioEl = screenAudioRef.current;
-    if (isLocal || !audioEl || !tile.screenAudioTrack) return;
-
-    const globalScale = outputVolume / 100;
-    const userScale = streamVolume / 100;
-    let finalVolume = globalScale * userScale;
-
-    if (isDeafened || isStreamMuted) {
-      audioEl.muted = true;
-      return;
-    }
-
-    // Stream attenuation: duck when someone is speaking
-    if (streamAttenuationEnabled) {
-      const someoneIsSpeaking = participants.some(
-        (p) => !p.isLocal && p.isSpeaking,
-      );
-      if (someoneIsSpeaking) {
-        finalVolume *= 1 - streamAttenuationStrength / 100;
-      }
-    }
-
-    const audioManager = AudioManager.getInstance();
-    const ctx = audioManager.getContext();
-    const isBoosting = finalVolume > 1.0;
-    const isContextReady = ctx && ctx.state === 'running';
-
-    if (isBoosting && isContextReady) {
-      if (!screenBoostGainRef.current && ctx) {
-        const gain = ctx.createGain();
-        const source = ctx.createMediaStreamSource(
-          new MediaStream([tile.screenAudioTrack]),
-        );
-        source.connect(gain);
-        gain.connect(ctx.destination);
-        screenBoostGainRef.current = gain;
-        screenBoostSourceRef.current = source;
-      }
-      if (screenBoostGainRef.current && ctx) {
-        screenBoostGainRef.current.gain.setTargetAtTime(
-          finalVolume,
-          ctx.currentTime,
-          0.01,
-        );
-      }
-      audioEl.muted = true;
-    } else {
-      if (screenBoostSourceRef.current) {
-        screenBoostSourceRef.current.disconnect();
-        screenBoostSourceRef.current = null;
-        screenBoostGainRef.current = null;
-      }
-      audioEl.muted = false;
-      audioEl.volume = Math.min(finalVolume, 1.0);
-      if (audioEl.paused) {
-        audioEl.play().catch(() => {});
-      }
-    }
-
-    return () => {
-      if (screenBoostSourceRef.current) {
-        screenBoostSourceRef.current.disconnect();
-        screenBoostSourceRef.current = null;
-        screenBoostGainRef.current = null;
-      }
-    };
-  }, [
-    outputVolume,
-    streamVolume,
-    isStreamMuted,
-    isDeafened,
-    isLocal,
-    tile.screenAudioTrack,
-    streamAttenuationEnabled,
-    streamAttenuationStrength,
-    participants,
-  ]);
-
   // --- VIDEO ---
   useEffect(() => {
     const videoEl = videoRef.current;
@@ -242,9 +138,6 @@ export function StreamTile({ tile, large }: StreamTileProps) {
       }`}
       onContextMenu={handleContextMenu}
     >
-      {/* Screen share audio (remote only) */}
-      {!isLocal && <audio ref={screenAudioRef} autoPlay playsInline />}
-
       {hasVideo && isWatching ? (
         <video
           ref={videoRef}
diff --git a/packages/web/src/components/voice/VoiceGrid.js b/packages/web/src/components/voice/VoiceGrid.js
index 5eec180d..ab98ee1c 100644
--- a/packages/web/src/components/voice/VoiceGrid.js
+++ b/packages/web/src/components/voice/VoiceGrid.js
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 import { jsx as _jsx, jsxs as _jsxs } from "react/jsx-runtime";
-import { useEffect, useRef, useMemo } from 'react';
+import { useEffect, useMemo } from 'react';
 import { VoiceUser } from './VoiceUser';
 import { StreamTile } from './StreamTile';
 import { useVoiceStore } from '../../stores/voiceStore';
@@ -7,28 +7,17 @@ import { deriveGridTiles } from '../../hooks/useLiveKit';
 export function VoiceGrid({ participants }) {
     const focusedParticipantId = useVoiceStore((s) => s.focusedParticipantId);
     const setFocusedParticipant = useVoiceStore((s) => s.setFocusedParticipant);
-    const prevStreamKeysRef = useRef(new Set());
     const tiles = useMemo(() => deriveGridTiles(participants), [participants]);
-    // Auto-focus when a new stream tile appears
+    // Unfocus if the focused stream tile no longer exists
     useEffect(() => {
         const currentStreamKeys = new Set(tiles
             .filter((t) => t.kind === 'stream' && t.screenTrack?.readyState === 'live')
             .map((t) => t.key));
-        // Find newly appeared stream keys
-        for (const key of currentStreamKeys) {
-            if (!prevStreamKeysRef.current.has(key)) {
-                // New stream tile — auto-focus it
-                setFocusedParticipant(key);
-                break;
-            }
-        }
-        // If the focused tile was a stream tile that no longer exists, unfocus
         if (focusedParticipantId &&
             focusedParticipantId.endsWith(':stream') &&
             !currentStreamKeys.has(focusedParticipantId)) {
             setFocusedParticipant(null);
         }
-        prevStreamKeysRef.current = currentStreamKeys;
     }, [tiles, focusedParticipantId, setFocusedParticipant]);
     if (tiles.length === 0) {
         return (_jsx("div", { className: "flex-1 flex items-center justify-center", children: _jsxs("div", { className: "text-center", children: [_jsx("svg", { width: "48", height: "48", viewBox: "0 0 24 24", fill: "currentColor", className: "text-discord-text-muted/40 mx-auto mb-3", children: _jsx("path", { d: "M11 5L6 9H2V15H6L11 19V5ZM15.54 8.46C16.48 9.4 17 10.67 17 12S16.48 14.6 15.54 15.54L14.12 14.12C14.69 13.55 15 12.79 15 12S14.69 10.45 14.12 9.88L15.54 8.46Z" }) }), _jsx("p", { className: "text-discord-text-muted text-sm", children: "Waiting for others to join..." })] }) }));
diff --git a/packages/web/src/components/voice/VoiceGrid.tsx b/packages/web/src/components/voice/VoiceGrid.tsx
index 506b572a..c1a8c799 100644
--- a/packages/web/src/components/voice/VoiceGrid.tsx
+++ b/packages/web/src/components/voice/VoiceGrid.tsx
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import React, { useEffect, useRef, useMemo } from 'react';
+import React, { useEffect, useMemo } from 'react';
 import { VoiceUser } from './VoiceUser';
 import { StreamTile } from './StreamTile';
 import { useVoiceStore } from '../../stores/voiceStore';
@@ -12,11 +12,10 @@ interface VoiceGridProps {
 export function VoiceGrid({ participants }: VoiceGridProps) {
   const focusedParticipantId = useVoiceStore((s) => s.focusedParticipantId);
   const setFocusedParticipant = useVoiceStore((s) => s.setFocusedParticipant);
-  const prevStreamKeysRef = useRef<Set<string>>(new Set());
 
   const tiles = useMemo(() => deriveGridTiles(participants), [participants]);
 
-  // Auto-focus when a new stream tile appears
+  // Unfocus if the focused stream tile no longer exists
   useEffect(() => {
     const currentStreamKeys = new Set(
       tiles
@@ -27,16 +26,6 @@ export function VoiceGrid({ participants }: VoiceGridProps) {
         .map((t) => t.key),
     );
 
-    // Find newly appeared stream keys
-    for (const key of currentStreamKeys) {
-      if (!prevStreamKeysRef.current.has(key)) {
-        // New stream tile — auto-focus it
-        setFocusedParticipant(key);
-        break;
-      }
-    }
-
-    // If the focused tile was a stream tile that no longer exists, unfocus
     if (
       focusedParticipantId &&
       focusedParticipantId.endsWith(':stream') &&
@@ -44,8 +33,6 @@ export function VoiceGrid({ participants }: VoiceGridProps) {
     ) {
       setFocusedParticipant(null);
     }
-
-    prevStreamKeysRef.current = currentStreamKeys;
   }, [tiles, focusedParticipantId, setFocusedParticipant]);
 
   if (tiles.length === 0) {
diff --git a/packages/web/src/components/voice/VoiceUser.js b/packages/web/src/components/voice/VoiceUser.js
index 4516e613..ec10a949 100644
--- a/packages/web/src/components/voice/VoiceUser.js
+++ b/packages/web/src/components/voice/VoiceUser.js
@@ -2,104 +2,14 @@ import { jsx as _jsx, jsxs as _jsxs } from "react/jsx-runtime";
 import { useRef, useEffect, useState, useCallback } from 'react';
 import { Avatar } from '../ui/Avatar';
 import { useVoiceStore } from '../../stores/voiceStore';
-import { AudioManager } from '../../audio/AudioManager';
 export function VoiceUser({ tile, large }) {
     const videoRef = useRef(null);
-    const audioRef = useRef(null);
     const { participant } = tile;
     const isDeafened = useVoiceStore((s) => s.isDeafened);
-    const outputVolume = useVoiceStore((s) => s.outputVolume);
     const participantVolumes = useVoiceStore((s) => s.participantVolumes);
     const [, forceUpdate] = useState(0);
     const perUserVolume = participantVolumes.get(participant.userId) ?? 100;
     const isLocal = participant.isLocal;
-    // --- AUDIO PIPELINE: NATIVE FIRST ---
-    // Refs for the optional boost pipeline
-    const boostGainRef = useRef(null);
-    const boostSourceRef = useRef(null);
-    // 1. Basic Track Attachment (The Rock-Solid Foundation)
-    useEffect(() => {
-        const audioEl = audioRef.current;
-        if (isLocal || !audioEl || !tile.audioTrack)
-            return;
-        // Direct attachment.
-        const stream = new MediaStream([tile.audioTrack]);
-        // Only update if changed to prevent interruptions
-        if (audioEl.srcObject?.id !== stream.id) {
-            audioEl.srcObject = stream;
-            // Aggressive play attempt for Chrome
-            const tryPlay = async () => {
-                try {
-                    await audioEl.play();
-                }
-                catch (err) {
-                    console.warn('[Audio] Autoplay blocked, retrying...', err);
-                }
-            };
-            tryPlay();
-        }
-    }, [tile.audioTrack, isLocal]);
-    // 2. Volume Management (Hybrid)
-    useEffect(() => {
-        const audioEl = audioRef.current;
-        if (isLocal || !audioEl || !tile.audioTrack)
-            return;
-        const globalScale = outputVolume / 100;
-        const userScale = perUserVolume / 100;
-        const finalVolume = globalScale * userScale;
-        if (isDeafened) {
-            audioEl.muted = true;
-            return;
-        }
-        // Logic:
-        // If we are boosting (>100%) AND context is running, use Web Audio.
-        // Otherwise, stick to the native element for maximum reliability.
-        const audioManager = AudioManager.getInstance();
-        const ctx = audioManager.getContext();
-        const isBoosting = finalVolume > 1.0;
-        const isContextReady = ctx && ctx.state === 'running';
-        if (isBoosting && isContextReady) {
-            // --- BOOST MODE (>100%) ---
-            // Setup pipeline if missing
-            if (!boostGainRef.current && ctx) {
-                const gain = ctx.createGain();
-                const source = ctx.createMediaStreamSource(new MediaStream([tile.audioTrack]));
-                source.connect(gain);
-                gain.connect(ctx.destination);
-                boostGainRef.current = gain;
-                boostSourceRef.current = source;
-            }
-            // Apply boosted gain
-            if (boostGainRef.current && ctx) {
-                boostGainRef.current.gain.setTargetAtTime(finalVolume, ctx.currentTime, 0.01);
-            }
-            // MUTE the element so we don't double audio
-            audioEl.muted = true;
-        }
-        else {
-            // --- STANDARD MODE (0% - 100%) ---
-            // Clean up boost pipeline if it exists
-            if (boostSourceRef.current) {
-                boostSourceRef.current.disconnect();
-                boostSourceRef.current = null;
-                boostGainRef.current = null;
-            }
-            // Use the element
-            audioEl.muted = false;
-            audioEl.volume = Math.min(finalVolume, 1.0);
-            // Ensure it's playing (in case it was paused/blocked earlier)
-            if (audioEl.paused) {
-                audioEl.play().catch(() => { });
-            }
-        }
-        return () => {
-            if (boostSourceRef.current) {
-                boostSourceRef.current.disconnect();
-                boostSourceRef.current = null;
-                boostGainRef.current = null;
-            }
-        };
-    }, [outputVolume, perUserVolume, isDeafened, isLocal, tile.audioTrack]);
     // --- VIDEO & UI ---
     const activeVideoTrack = tile.videoTrack;
     const hasVideo = activeVideoTrack !== null;
@@ -141,5 +51,5 @@ export function VoiceUser({ tile, large }) {
     }, [volumeMenu]);
     return (_jsxs("div", { className: `relative bg-[#111214] rounded-xl overflow-hidden flex items-center justify-center group transition-all duration-200 ${participant.isSpeaking
             ? 'ring-[3px] ring-discord-green shadow-[0_0_12px_rgba(35,165,90,0.25)]'
-            : 'ring-1 ring-white/[0.06] hover:ring-white/10'} ${large ? 'h-full w-full' : 'h-full aspect-video'}`, onContextMenu: handleContextMenu, children: [!isLocal && _jsx("audio", { ref: audioRef, autoPlay: true, playsInline: true }), hasVideo ? (_jsx("video", { ref: videoRef, autoPlay: true, playsInline: true, muted: isLocal, className: `w-full h-full ${large ? 'object-contain bg-black' : 'object-cover'}` })) : (_jsx("div", { className: "w-full h-full flex flex-col items-center justify-center gap-3 bg-[#1e1f22]", children: _jsxs("div", { className: "relative", children: [_jsx(Avatar, { src: null, name: participant.username, size: large ? 100 : 64 }), participant.isSpeaking && (_jsx("div", { className: "absolute -inset-1.5 rounded-full ring-[3px] ring-discord-green animate-pulse" }))] }) })), _jsx("div", { className: "absolute bottom-0 left-0 right-0 px-3 py-2 bg-gradient-to-t from-black/70 via-black/30 to-transparent", children: _jsxs("div", { className: "flex items-center justify-between", children: [_jsxs("div", { className: "flex items-center gap-1.5 min-w-0", children: [_jsx("span", { className: `font-semibold text-white truncate ${large ? 'text-base' : 'text-[13px]'}`, children: participant.username }), isLocal && (_jsx("span", { className: "text-[10px] text-white/40 font-medium", children: "(you)" }))] }), _jsxs("div", { className: "flex items-center gap-1 flex-shrink-0", children: [participant.isMuted && (_jsx("div", { className: "w-5 h-5 bg-discord-red/90 rounded-full flex items-center justify-center", children: _jsxs("svg", { width: "12", height: "12", viewBox: "0 0 24 24", fill: "white", children: [_jsx("path", { d: "M12 2C10.9 2 10 2.9 10 4V12C10 13.1 10.9 14 12 14C13.1 14 14 13.1 14 12V4C14 2.9 13.1 2 12 2Z" }), _jsx("line", { x1: "3", y1: "3", x2: "21", y2: "21", stroke: "white", strokeWidth: "2" })] }) })), (isLocal ? isDeafened : participant.isDeafened) && (_jsx("div", { className: "w-5 h-5 bg-discord-red/90 rounded-full flex items-center justify-center", children: _jsxs("svg", { width: "12", height: "12", viewBox: "0 0 24 24", fill: "white", children: [_jsx("path", { d: "M12 3c-4.97 0-9 4.03-9 9v7c0 1.1.9 2 2 2h2v-7H5v-2c0-3.87 3.13-7 7-7s7 3.13 7 7v2h-2v7h2c1.1 0 2-.9 2-2v-7c0-4.97-4.03-9-9-9z" }), _jsx("line", { x1: "3", y1: "3", x2: "21", y2: "21", stroke: "white", strokeWidth: "2" })] }) }))] })] }) }), volumeMenu && !isLocal && (_jsxs("div", { className: "fixed z-[60] bg-[#111214] rounded-lg shadow-2xl p-3 min-w-[200px] border border-white/[0.06]", style: { left: volumeMenu.x, top: volumeMenu.y }, onClick: (e) => e.stopPropagation(), children: [_jsx("div", { className: "text-xs text-discord-text-muted mb-2 font-medium uppercase tracking-wider", children: "User Volume" }), _jsxs("div", { className: "flex items-center gap-2", children: [_jsx("svg", { width: "16", height: "16", viewBox: "0 0 24 24", fill: "currentColor", className: "text-discord-text-muted flex-shrink-0", children: _jsx("path", { d: "M3 9v6h4l5 5V4L7 9H3z" }) }), _jsx("input", { type: "range", min: "0", max: "200", value: perUserVolume, onChange: (e) => setParticipantVolume(participant.userId, parseInt(e.target.value)), className: "flex-1 accent-discord-blurple h-1" }), _jsxs("span", { className: "text-xs text-discord-text-secondary min-w-[32px] text-right", children: [perUserVolume, "%"] })] })] }))] }));
+            : 'ring-1 ring-white/[0.06] hover:ring-white/10'} ${large ? 'h-full w-full' : 'h-full aspect-video'}`, onContextMenu: handleContextMenu, children: [hasVideo ? (_jsx("video", { ref: videoRef, autoPlay: true, playsInline: true, muted: isLocal, className: `w-full h-full ${large ? 'object-contain bg-black' : 'object-cover'}` })) : (_jsx("div", { className: "w-full h-full flex flex-col items-center justify-center gap-3 bg-[#1e1f22]", children: _jsxs("div", { className: "relative", children: [_jsx(Avatar, { src: null, name: participant.username, size: large ? 100 : 64 }), participant.isSpeaking && (_jsx("div", { className: "absolute -inset-1.5 rounded-full ring-[3px] ring-discord-green animate-pulse" }))] }) })), _jsx("div", { className: "absolute bottom-0 left-0 right-0 px-3 py-2 bg-gradient-to-t from-black/70 via-black/30 to-transparent", children: _jsxs("div", { className: "flex items-center justify-between", children: [_jsxs("div", { className: "flex items-center gap-1.5 min-w-0", children: [_jsx("span", { className: `font-semibold text-white truncate ${large ? 'text-base' : 'text-[13px]'}`, children: participant.username }), isLocal && (_jsx("span", { className: "text-[10px] text-white/40 font-medium", children: "(you)" }))] }), _jsxs("div", { className: "flex items-center gap-1 flex-shrink-0", children: [participant.isMuted && (_jsx("div", { className: "w-5 h-5 bg-discord-red/90 rounded-full flex items-center justify-center", children: _jsxs("svg", { width: "12", height: "12", viewBox: "0 0 24 24", fill: "white", children: [_jsx("path", { d: "M12 2C10.9 2 10 2.9 10 4V12C10 13.1 10.9 14 12 14C13.1 14 14 13.1 14 12V4C14 2.9 13.1 2 12 2Z" }), _jsx("line", { x1: "3", y1: "3", x2: "21", y2: "21", stroke: "white", strokeWidth: "2" })] }) })), (isLocal ? isDeafened : participant.isDeafened) && (_jsx("div", { className: "w-5 h-5 bg-discord-red/90 rounded-full flex items-center justify-center", children: _jsxs("svg", { width: "12", height: "12", viewBox: "0 0 24 24", fill: "white", children: [_jsx("path", { d: "M12 3c-4.97 0-9 4.03-9 9v7c0 1.1.9 2 2 2h2v-7H5v-2c0-3.87 3.13-7 7-7s7 3.13 7 7v2h-2v7h2c1.1 0 2-.9 2-2v-7c0-4.97-4.03-9-9-9z" }), _jsx("line", { x1: "3", y1: "3", x2: "21", y2: "21", stroke: "white", strokeWidth: "2" })] }) }))] })] }) }), volumeMenu && !isLocal && (_jsxs("div", { className: "fixed z-[60] bg-[#111214] rounded-lg shadow-2xl p-3 min-w-[200px] border border-white/[0.06]", style: { left: volumeMenu.x, top: volumeMenu.y }, onClick: (e) => e.stopPropagation(), children: [_jsx("div", { className: "text-xs text-discord-text-muted mb-2 font-medium uppercase tracking-wider", children: "User Volume" }), _jsxs("div", { className: "flex items-center gap-2", children: [_jsx("svg", { width: "16", height: "16", viewBox: "0 0 24 24", fill: "currentColor", className: "text-discord-text-muted flex-shrink-0", children: _jsx("path", { d: "M3 9v6h4l5 5V4L7 9H3z" }) }), _jsx("input", { type: "range", min: "0", max: "200", value: perUserVolume, onChange: (e) => setParticipantVolume(participant.userId, parseInt(e.target.value)), className: "flex-1 accent-discord-blurple h-1" }), _jsxs("span", { className: "text-xs text-discord-text-secondary min-w-[32px] text-right", children: [perUserVolume, "%"] })] })] }))] }));
 }
diff --git a/packages/web/src/components/voice/VoiceUser.tsx b/packages/web/src/components/voice/VoiceUser.tsx
index ec414d84..b098dba0 100644
--- a/packages/web/src/components/voice/VoiceUser.tsx
+++ b/packages/web/src/components/voice/VoiceUser.tsx
@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 import React, { useRef, useEffect, useState, useCallback } from 'react';
 import { Avatar } from '../ui/Avatar';
 import { useVoiceStore } from '../../stores/voiceStore';
-import { AudioManager } from '../../audio/AudioManager';
 import type { UserTile } from '../../hooks/useLiveKit';
 
 interface VoiceUserProps {
@@ -11,11 +10,9 @@ interface VoiceUserProps {
 
 export function VoiceUser({ tile, large }: VoiceUserProps) {
   const videoRef = useRef<HTMLVideoElement>(null);
-  const audioRef = useRef<HTMLAudioElement>(null);
 
   const { participant } = tile;
   const isDeafened = useVoiceStore((s) => s.isDeafened);
-  const outputVolume = useVoiceStore((s) => s.outputVolume);
   const participantVolumes = useVoiceStore((s) => s.participantVolumes);
 
   const [, forceUpdate] = useState(0);
@@ -23,114 +20,6 @@ export function VoiceUser({ tile, large }: VoiceUserProps) {
   const perUserVolume = participantVolumes.get(participant.userId) ?? 100;
   const isLocal = participant.isLocal;
 
-  // --- AUDIO PIPELINE: NATIVE FIRST ---
-
-  // Refs for the optional boost pipeline
-  const boostGainRef = useRef<GainNode | null>(null);
-  const boostSourceRef = useRef<MediaStreamAudioSourceNode | null>(null);
-
-  // 1. Basic Track Attachment (The Rock-Solid Foundation)
-  useEffect(() => {
-    const audioEl = audioRef.current;
-    if (isLocal || !audioEl || !tile.audioTrack) return;
-
-    // Direct attachment.
-    const stream = new MediaStream([tile.audioTrack]);
-
-    // Only update if changed to prevent interruptions
-    if ((audioEl.srcObject as MediaStream)?.id !== stream.id) {
-      audioEl.srcObject = stream;
-
-      // Aggressive play attempt for Chrome
-      const tryPlay = async () => {
-        try {
-          await audioEl.play();
-        } catch (err) {
-          console.warn('[Audio] Autoplay blocked, retrying...', err);
-        }
-      };
-      tryPlay();
-    }
-  }, [tile.audioTrack, isLocal]);
-
-  // 2. Volume Management (Hybrid)
-  useEffect(() => {
-    const audioEl = audioRef.current;
-    if (isLocal || !audioEl || !tile.audioTrack) return;
-
-    const globalScale = outputVolume / 100;
-    const userScale = perUserVolume / 100;
-    const finalVolume = globalScale * userScale;
-
-    if (isDeafened) {
-      audioEl.muted = true;
-      return;
-    }
-
-    // Logic:
-    // If we are boosting (>100%) AND context is running, use Web Audio.
-    // Otherwise, stick to the native element for maximum reliability.
-
-    const audioManager = AudioManager.getInstance();
-    const ctx = audioManager.getContext();
-    const isBoosting = finalVolume > 1.0;
-    const isContextReady = ctx && ctx.state === 'running';
-
-    if (isBoosting && isContextReady) {
-      // --- BOOST MODE (>100%) ---
-      // Setup pipeline if missing
-      if (!boostGainRef.current && ctx) {
-        const gain = ctx.createGain();
-        const source = ctx.createMediaStreamSource(
-          new MediaStream([tile.audioTrack]),
-        );
-
-        source.connect(gain);
-        gain.connect(ctx.destination);
-
-        boostGainRef.current = gain;
-        boostSourceRef.current = source;
-      }
-
-      // Apply boosted gain
-      if (boostGainRef.current && ctx) {
-        boostGainRef.current.gain.setTargetAtTime(
-          finalVolume,
-          ctx.currentTime,
-          0.01,
-        );
-      }
-
-      // MUTE the element so we don't double audio
-      audioEl.muted = true;
-    } else {
-      // --- STANDARD MODE (0% - 100%) ---
-      // Clean up boost pipeline if it exists
-      if (boostSourceRef.current) {
-        boostSourceRef.current.disconnect();
-        boostSourceRef.current = null;
-        boostGainRef.current = null;
-      }
-
-      // Use the element
-      audioEl.muted = false;
-      audioEl.volume = Math.min(finalVolume, 1.0);
-
-      // Ensure it's playing (in case it was paused/blocked earlier)
-      if (audioEl.paused) {
-        audioEl.play().catch(() => {});
-      }
-    }
-
-    return () => {
-      if (boostSourceRef.current) {
-        boostSourceRef.current.disconnect();
-        boostSourceRef.current = null;
-        boostGainRef.current = null;
-      }
-    };
-  }, [outputVolume, perUserVolume, isDeafened, isLocal, tile.audioTrack]);
-
   // --- VIDEO & UI ---
 
   const activeVideoTrack = tile.videoTrack;
@@ -187,13 +76,6 @@ export function VoiceUser({ tile, large }: VoiceUserProps) {
       } ${large ? 'h-full w-full' : 'h-full aspect-video'}`}
       onContextMenu={handleContextMenu}
     >
-      {/*
-        Native Audio Element
-        - AutoPlay is critical
-        - PlaysInline is critical for mobile
-      */}
-      {!isLocal && <audio ref={audioRef} autoPlay playsInline />}
-
       {hasVideo ? (
         <video
           ref={videoRef}
diff --git a/packages/web/src/hooks/useAudioTrackPlayer.js b/packages/web/src/hooks/useAudioTrackPlayer.js
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..bac16404
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/web/src/hooks/useAudioTrackPlayer.js
@@ -0,0 +1,95 @@
+import { useRef, useEffect } from 'react';
+import { AudioManager } from '../audio/AudioManager';
+/**
+ * Shared hybrid audio pipeline hook.
+ *
+ * Manages an <audio> element ref with two modes:
+ *   - Standard mode (volume <= 1.0): uses native HTMLAudioElement volume
+ *   - Boost mode (volume > 1.0): routes through Web Audio GainNode for amplification
+ *
+ * The caller must render: <audio ref={audioRef} autoPlay playsInline />
+ */
+export function useAudioTrackPlayer(opts) {
+    const audioRef = useRef(null);
+    const boostGainRef = useRef(null);
+    const boostSourceRef = useRef(null);
+    const { track, volume, muted } = opts;
+    // Effect 1: Track attachment
+    useEffect(() => {
+        const audioEl = audioRef.current;
+        if (!audioEl || !track) {
+            if (audioEl)
+                audioEl.srcObject = null;
+            return;
+        }
+        const stream = new MediaStream([track]);
+        // Only update if the stream actually changed to prevent interruptions
+        if (audioEl.srcObject?.id !== stream.id) {
+            audioEl.srcObject = stream;
+            const tryPlay = async () => {
+                try {
+                    await audioEl.play();
+                }
+                catch (err) {
+                    console.warn('[Audio] Autoplay blocked, retrying...', err);
+                }
+            };
+            tryPlay();
+        }
+    }, [track]);
+    // Effect 2: Volume management (hybrid native/Web Audio)
+    useEffect(() => {
+        const audioEl = audioRef.current;
+        if (!audioEl || !track)
+            return;
+        if (muted) {
+            audioEl.muted = true;
+            return;
+        }
+        const audioManager = AudioManager.getInstance();
+        const ctx = audioManager.getContext();
+        const isBoosting = volume > 1.0;
+        const isContextReady = ctx && ctx.state === 'running';
+        if (isBoosting && isContextReady) {
+            // --- BOOST MODE (>100%) ---
+            // Setup pipeline if missing
+            if (!boostGainRef.current && ctx) {
+                const gain = ctx.createGain();
+                const source = ctx.createMediaStreamSource(new MediaStream([track]));
+                source.connect(gain);
+                gain.connect(ctx.destination);
+                boostGainRef.current = gain;
+                boostSourceRef.current = source;
+            }
+            // Apply boosted gain
+            if (boostGainRef.current && ctx) {
+                boostGainRef.current.gain.setTargetAtTime(volume, ctx.currentTime, 0.01);
+            }
+            // MUTE the element so we don't double audio
+            audioEl.muted = true;
+        }
+        else {
+            // --- STANDARD MODE (0% - 100%) ---
+            // Clean up boost pipeline if it exists
+            if (boostSourceRef.current) {
+                boostSourceRef.current.disconnect();
+                boostSourceRef.current = null;
+                boostGainRef.current = null;
+            }
+            audioEl.muted = false;
+            audioEl.volume = Math.min(volume, 1.0);
+            // Ensure it's playing (in case it was paused/blocked earlier)
+            if (audioEl.paused) {
+                audioEl.play().catch(() => { });
+            }
+        }
+        return () => {
+            if (boostSourceRef.current) {
+                boostSourceRef.current.disconnect();
+                boostSourceRef.current = null;
+                boostGainRef.current = null;
+            }
+        };
+    }, [volume, muted, track]);
+    return audioRef;
+}
diff --git a/packages/web/src/hooks/useAudioTrackPlayer.ts b/packages/web/src/hooks/useAudioTrackPlayer.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..6a52c94a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/web/src/hooks/useAudioTrackPlayer.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,115 @@
+import { useRef, useEffect } from 'react';
+import { AudioManager } from '../audio/AudioManager';
+
+interface UseAudioTrackPlayerOptions {
+  track: MediaStreamTrack | null;
+  volume: number;  // final computed value, 0.0 – 2.0+
+  muted: boolean;  // deafen, stream mute, etc.
+}
+
+/**
+ * Shared hybrid audio pipeline hook.
+ *
+ * Manages an <audio> element ref with two modes:
+ *   - Standard mode (volume <= 1.0): uses native HTMLAudioElement volume
+ *   - Boost mode (volume > 1.0): routes through Web Audio GainNode for amplification
+ *
+ * The caller must render: <audio ref={audioRef} autoPlay playsInline />
+ */
+export function useAudioTrackPlayer(
+  opts: UseAudioTrackPlayerOptions,
+): React.RefObject<HTMLAudioElement> {
+  const audioRef = useRef<HTMLAudioElement | null>(null);
+  const boostGainRef = useRef<GainNode | null>(null);
+  const boostSourceRef = useRef<MediaStreamAudioSourceNode | null>(null);
+
+  const { track, volume, muted } = opts;
+
+  // Effect 1: Track attachment
+  useEffect(() => {
+    const audioEl = audioRef.current;
+    if (!audioEl || !track) {
+      if (audioEl) audioEl.srcObject = null;
+      return;
+    }
+
+    const stream = new MediaStream([track]);
+
+    // Only update if the stream actually changed to prevent interruptions
+    if ((audioEl.srcObject as MediaStream)?.id !== stream.id) {
+      audioEl.srcObject = stream;
+
+      const tryPlay = async () => {
+        try {
+          await audioEl.play();
+        } catch (err) {
+          console.warn('[Audio] Autoplay blocked, retrying...', err);
+        }
+      };
+      tryPlay();
+    }
+  }, [track]);
+
+  // Effect 2: Volume management (hybrid native/Web Audio)
+  useEffect(() => {
+    const audioEl = audioRef.current;
+    if (!audioEl || !track) return;
+
+    if (muted) {
+      audioEl.muted = true;
+      return;
+    }
+
+    const audioManager = AudioManager.getInstance();
+    const ctx = audioManager.getContext();
+    const isBoosting = volume > 1.0;
+    const isContextReady = ctx && ctx.state === 'running';
+
+    if (isBoosting && isContextReady) {
+      // --- BOOST MODE (>100%) ---
+      // Setup pipeline if missing
+      if (!boostGainRef.current && ctx) {
+        const gain = ctx.createGain();
+        const source = ctx.createMediaStreamSource(new MediaStream([track]));
+        source.connect(gain);
+        gain.connect(ctx.destination);
+        boostGainRef.current = gain;
+        boostSourceRef.current = source;
+      }
+
+      // Apply boosted gain
+      if (boostGainRef.current && ctx) {
+        boostGainRef.current.gain.setTargetAtTime(volume, ctx.currentTime, 0.01);
+      }
+
+      // MUTE the element so we don't double audio
+      audioEl.muted = true;
+    } else {
+      // --- STANDARD MODE (0% - 100%) ---
+      // Clean up boost pipeline if it exists
+      if (boostSourceRef.current) {
+        boostSourceRef.current.disconnect();
+        boostSourceRef.current = null;
+        boostGainRef.current = null;
+      }
+
+      audioEl.muted = false;
+      audioEl.volume = Math.min(volume, 1.0);
+
+      // Ensure it's playing (in case it was paused/blocked earlier)
+      if (audioEl.paused) {
+        audioEl.play().catch(() => {});
+      }
+    }
+
+    return () => {
+      if (boostSourceRef.current) {
+        boostSourceRef.current.disconnect();
+        boostSourceRef.current = null;
+        boostGainRef.current = null;
+      }
+    };
+  }, [volume, muted, track]);
+
+  return audioRef;
+}